| City of Chillicothe | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| — City — | |||
| Overview of Chillicothe from Grandview Cemetery | |||
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| Nickname(s): Ohio's First Capital | |||
| Location in the state of Ohio | |||
| Coordinates: | |||
| Country | United States | ||
| State | Ohio | ||
| County | Ross | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Jack Everson (R) | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 9.7 sq mi (25.2 km2) | ||
| • Land | 9.5 sq mi (24.7 km2) | ||
| • Water | 0.2 sq mi (0.5 km2) | ||
| Elevation | 630 ft (190 m) | ||
| Population (2008) | |||
| • Total | 22,296 | ||
| • Density | 2,284.6/sq mi (882.1/km2) | ||
| Time zone | EST (UTC-5) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) | ||
| ZIP code | 45601 | ||
| Area code(s) | 740 | ||
| FIPS code | 39-14184[1] | ||
| GNIS feature ID | 1060960[2] | ||
| Website | http://ci.chillicothe.oh.us/ | ||
Chillicothe ( /ˌtʃɪlɨˈkɒθiː/ chil-ə-koth-ee)[3] is a city in and the county seat of Ross County, Ohio, United States.[4]
Chillicothe was the first and third capital of Ohio and is located in southern Ohio along the Scioto River. The name comes from the Shawnee name Chalahgawtha, meaning "principal town", as it was a major settlement of that people. They and their ancestors inhabited the territory for thousands of years prior to European contact. At the time of European-American settlement, the community was plotted by General Nathaniel Massie on his land grant.
The population was 21,797 at the 2000 census. According to the U.S. Census Bureau's annual estimates, Chillicothe had a population of 22,296 in 2008,[5] while the Columbus-Marion-Chillicothe, OH Combined Statistical Area has 2,002,604 people.[6] It is the only city in Ross County and the center of the Chillicothe Micropolitan Statistical Area (as defined by the United States Census Bureau in 2003).
Chillicothe is a designated Tree City USA by the National Arbor Day Foundation.
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Modern Chillicothe was the center of the ancient Hopewell tradition, which flourished from 200 BCE until 500 CE. This Amerindian culture had trade routes extending to the Rocky Mountains. They built earthen mounds for ceremonial and burial purposes throughout the Scioto and Ohio River valleys. Later Native Americans who inhabited the area through the time of European contact included Shawnees.
It was after the American Revolution that most European settlement came to this area. Migrants from Virginia and Kentucky moved west along the Ohio River in search of land. Chillicothe served as the capital of Ohio from the beginning of statehood in 1803 until 1810 when Zanesville became the capital for two years.[7] The capital was moved to Zanesville as part of a state legislative compromise to get a bill passed. In 1812 the legislature moved the capital back to Chillicothe. In 1816 the state legislature voted to move the capital again, to Columbus to have it near the geographic center of the state, where it would be more accessible to most citizens.[8]
Migrants to Chillicothe included free blacks, who came to a place with fewer restrictions than in the slave states. They created a vibrant community and aided runaway slaves coming north. As tensions increased prior to the breakout of the American Civil War, the free black community at Chillicothe maintained stations and aid to support refugees on the Underground Railroad. Slaves escaping from the South traveled across the Ohio River to freedom, and then up the Scioto River to get more distance from their former homes and slave hunters. White abolitionists aided the Underground Railroad as well.
Chillicothe is located at (39.336525, -82.983822)[9].
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.7 square miles (25 km2), of which, 9.5 square miles (25 km2) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km2) of it (2.05%) is water.
The city is surrounded by farming communities, and Chillicothe residents describe the area as the foothills of the Appalachians.
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1820 | 2,426 |
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| 1830 | 2,846 | 17.3% | |
| 1840 | 3,977 | 39.7% | |
| 1850 | 7,100 | 78.5% | |
| 1860 | 7,626 | 7.4% | |
| 1870 | 8,920 | 17.0% | |
| 1880 | 10,938 | 22.6% | |
| 1890 | 11,288 | 3.2% | |
| 1900 | 12,976 | 15.0% | |
| 1910 | 14,508 | 11.8% | |
| 1920 | 15,831 | 9.1% | |
| 1930 | 18,340 | 15.8% | |
| 1940 | 20,129 | 9.8% | |
| 1950 | 20,133 | 0% | |
| 1960 | 24,957 | 24.0% | |
| 1970 | 24,842 | −0.5% | |
| 1980 | 23,420 | −5.7% | |
| 1990 | 21,923 | −6.4% | |
| 2000 | 21,796 | −0.6% | |
| Est. 2008 | 22,296 | 2.3% | |
As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 21,796 people, 9,481 households, and 5,754 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,283.7 people per square mile (882.1/km²). There were 10,303 housing units at an average density of 1,079.5 per square mile (417.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 89.21% White, 7.51% African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.56% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.35% from other races, and 2.00% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.84% of the population.
There were 9,481 households out of which 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.3% were non-families. 34.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.85.
In the city the population was spread out with 22.2% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 18.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 88.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.3 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $33,991, and the median income for a family was $42,477. Males had a median income of $35,199 versus $25,010 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,101. About 9.3% of families and 12.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.3% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.
Chillicothe is governed by a mayor-council structure in which the mayor is elected separately from the members of the city council. Chillicothe's mayor is Jack Everson (R). The members of the city council are
| Ward | City Councillor | Ward | City Councillor |
|---|---|---|---|
| First Ward | Thomas E. Trutschel (R) | At Large | Joseph T. Sharp (D) |
| Second Ward | Nancy Ames (R) | At Large | Dustin Proehl (D) |
| Third Ward | Queen Lester (D) | At Large | Napoleon Cross (D) |
| Fourth Ward | Jean Malone (D) | Council President | Bruce A. Arnold (D) |
| Fifth Ward | Jeremy M. Siberell (R) | ||
| Sixth Ward | Pat Patrick (R) |
| Position | Officer |
|---|---|
| City Treasurer | David A. Neal (D) |
| City Auditor | Tom Spetnagel Jr. (D) |
Chillicothe has several public parks, including Yoctangee Park, Poland Park, Strawser Park, Manor Park, Goldie Gunlock Park, Pine Street Park, Veterans Memorial Park, and Western View Park.
Chillicothe's floodwall, protecting the city from floods of the Scioto River, has a 5.0-mile-long paved bike path. This path connects to the Tri-County Triangle Trail which currently is 17.2 miles long, measured from Bridge St. (SR 159) in Chillicothe, to Frankfort and then to Austin. The Tri-County Triangle Trail's goal is to connect Chillicothe with Washington Court House and Greenfield. This same former railroad continues to Jamestown and Xenia, but those connections are a long range plan.
Hopewell Culture National Historical Park is found on the north end of the city. The park is administered by the National Park Service and has a large concentration of Native American earthworks.
A branch of Ohio University, Ohio University-Chillicothe is a public 4-year institution which enrolls about 2,000 students each year. Daymar College (formerly Southeastern Business College and Samuel Stephen College) offers five different 2-year programs, including Massage Therapy, Business Administration, Criminal Justice, Human Resources Management, and Medical Assisting.
The city of Chillicothe provides education for pre-school through grade 12 students. The Chillicothe City School District includes the following facilities: Allen Elementary; Mt. Logan Elementary, previously Mt. Logan Middle School; Tiffin Elementary; Worthington Elementary; Western Latchkey/Preschool/Western Administration Office, the headquarters of the Board of Education;Chillicothe Middle School; and Chillicothe High School. Additionally, the Academy for Early Learning offers private education. Bishop Flaget Catholic School, the parish school of St. Mary's and St. Peter's Catholic Churches, offers an academic program with the faith-based component to both Catholic and non-Catholic families for students in Prekindergarten through 8th grade.
Chillicothe is also home to the Recording Workshop, an audio engineering school.
Chillicothe is home to the 152-year-old continuously operating Majestic Theatre. Its stage has been graced by such greats as Laurel and Hardy, Milton Berle, George Arliss, Sophie Tucker, and many others. In 1853 the Masonic Hall was built, as the first incarnation of what is now the Majestic Theatre. The two-story brick building was a combination lodge room, dance hall, and theatre. Stock companies stayed for as long as a month, performing a repertory of plays. In 1876 the Masons appointed a building committee to enlarge their building. The original building was 40 ft. x 100 ft. and was extended to 50 ft. x 120 ft. Upon completion in December 1876 it was announced that the Masonic Opera House was one of the finest theatres in the state. After the remodeling and with the completion of the Clough Opera House across the city, theatre offerings were tremendous, and varied drama, comedy, farce, minstrel shows and operas were presented.
In 1904 A. R. Wolf bought the Masonic Opera House. Mr. Wolf remodeled the theatre and enlarged the stage. He replaced all the windows in the front of the building with stained glass windows. The Masonic Opera House continued under Wolf's managerial abilities until he sold it to the Myers Brothers in 1915. They again made some improvements and repairs and installed a movie screen and equipment. The Myers Brothers changed the name to the Majestic Theatre. They occasionally had live theatre productions on the stage but finally switched exclusively to motion pictures. In July 1971, Harley and Evelyn Bennett became the new owners of the Majestic Theatre. They did careful restoration with reference to the original wall painting. Three Chillicothe businessmen bought the theatre as a non-profit organization in 1990. All new wiring throughout the theatre, fire safety, and security systems were installed.
Chillicothe, rich in Native American history, hosts the annual Feast of the Flowering Moon Festival. Started in 1984, the May festival draws crowds of approximately 85,000. Yoctangee Park, in the historic downtown, is the setting for this family-oriented, three-day event featuring Native American music, dancing, traders and exhibits, a mountain men encampment, rendezvous with working craftsmen and demonstrations, and an extensive arts and crafts show with more than 80 crafters and commercial exhibits. The main stage has a schedule of family-friendly entertainment, such as local school bands and performers. The streets are lined with food booths and games/contests. Events are free to the public.
On the Friday and Saturday after Labor Day in September, Chillicothe hosts the annual Southern Ohio Storytelling Festival. The festival features concert performances by several highly acclaimed and award-winning storytellers. Storytelling concerts are held throughout the day on both Friday and Saturday. Thousands of students participate during the day on Friday in various venues, including the Majestic Theatre, a tent at the Pump House Art Gallery in Yoctangee Park, and local school auditoriums.
The Chillicothe Paints are a minor league baseball team that was established in February 1993. The team was previously a member of the Frontier League. Now a member of the summer collegiate Prospect League, the Paints played in the independent Frontier League from the 1993 season until the end of the 2008 season. They were one of the original teams in the league. The Paints play their home games at V.A. Memorial Stadium, which opened in 1954.
As the V.A. Memorial Stadium can be turned into a field for many uses, it also plays host to numerous sports events such as the M.A.C. Division baseball playoffs, OHSAA soccer playoffs, and OHSAA baseball playoffs.
In June, the streets of Chillicothe near Yoctangee Park are blocked off to accommodate temporary courts for the Gus Macker three-on-three basketball competition.
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